PRODUCTION OF MUMPS VACCINE VIRUS STRAINS: A GLOBAL REVIEW

Abstract

Due to the increased reporting of mumps cases that occurred in 2017 and 2018 in Brazil and worldwide, we considered important to carry out a literature review on the process used to obtain the vaccine strain of the mumps virus and the safety and the efficacy of the vaccine type. The research was performed using scientific articles selected in databases such as LILACS, SciELo, Medline and technical notes from official government institutions. The mumps vaccine strains were obtained by attenuation, involving passages in embryonic eggs and/or cell culture. A literature review of the vaccine strain production showed that the main strains related to mumps vaccines are: Jeryl Lynn, Leningrado‑3, Leningrado‑3‑Zagreb, Urabe and Rubini. The vaccine with the Jeryl Lynn strain showed great protection (83‑88%) after two doses, and the lowest rate of adverse reactions among all. Vaccines with the Leningrado‑3 and the Leningrado‑3‑Zagreb strains showed protective efficacy ranging from 87 to 100%, however, cases of aseptic meningitis after vaccination were observed. The vaccine with the Urabe strain is considered very effective, with clinical efficacy of 70‑75% with just one dose, but it has a high reatogenic capacity. The vaccine with the Rubini strain, in turn, is the least effective, with 12.4% of effectiveness. The Jeryl Lynn strain is considered one of the safer and more effective alternatives as vaccine strain, with less potential of reactogenicity. The RIT 4385 vaccine strain, derived from the Jeryl Lynn strain, is the strain used for mumps vaccine in Brazil.